Core Existentialist View on Life's Meaning
According to existentialism, life has no predefined or inherent meaning imposed by a higher power, society, or the universe. Philosophers like Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus argue that existence precedes essence, meaning humans exist first and must create their own purpose through actions and decisions. This perspective emphasizes personal responsibility in a seemingly absurd world.
Key Principles of Existentialism
Existentialism revolves around concepts such as freedom, authenticity, and absurdity. Freedom implies that individuals are condemned to be free, bearing the weight of choices without external guidance. Authenticity requires living true to oneself rather than conforming to societal norms. Absurdity arises from the conflict between humanity's search for meaning and the universe's indifference, prompting a defiant response through self-defined values.
Practical Example: Sartre's Concept of Bad Faith
Consider a person working in a job they dislike but staying due to fear of change; this illustrates 'bad faith,' where one denies their freedom to choose. An existentialist approach would involve recognizing this freedom and actively pursuing a path that aligns with personal values, such as quitting to start a passion project, thereby creating meaning through deliberate action.
Importance and Real-World Applications
Existentialism encourages self-reflection and empowerment, helping individuals navigate modern life's uncertainties by fostering resilience and ethical decision-making. It applies in psychology, literature, and therapy, influencing approaches like existential psychotherapy, which addresses issues of isolation and purpose to promote personal growth and fulfillment.