Definition of Human Rights
Human rights are fundamental rights and freedoms inherent to all individuals by virtue of being human. They are universal, inalienable, and indivisible, meaning they apply to everyone without exception, cannot be taken away, and are interconnected. These rights protect dignity, equality, and basic needs, encompassing civil, political, economic, social, and cultural aspects.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 10, 1948, serves as a foundational document outlining 30 articles of essential rights. It was drafted in response to the atrocities of World War II and has influenced international treaties, national constitutions, and laws worldwide, establishing a common standard for human rights achievement.
Key Examples from the UDHR
Article 3 states that 'Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person,' protecting against arbitrary deprivation of these basics. Article 19 affirms 'Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression,' allowing free thought and information sharing without interference. Article 25 guarantees 'the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being,' including food, clothing, housing, and medical care.
Importance and Global Applications
Human rights are crucial for promoting justice, peace, and development, enabling individuals to live with dignity and participate fully in society. They underpin legal systems, guide international relations, and address issues like discrimination and poverty. Violations, such as genocide or censorship, are monitored by bodies like the UN Human Rights Council, fostering global accountability and progress toward equality.