Definition of a Chemical Compound
A chemical compound is a pure substance formed when two or more different chemical elements are chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio. This chemical union results in a new substance with properties distinct from its constituent elements.
Formation of Chemical Compounds
Compounds are created through chemical reactions where atoms achieve stability by forming bonds. This typically involves the sharing of electrons (covalent bonding) or the transfer of electrons (ionic bonding) between different types of atoms.
Examples of Common Compounds
Water (H₂O) is a prime example, where two hydrogen atoms bond with one oxygen atom. Table salt (NaCl) is another, formed from sodium and chlorine ions. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) and glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) also illustrate distinct compounds with fixed compositions.
Key Characteristics and Importance
Unlike mixtures, compounds cannot be separated by physical means and possess unique chemical and physical properties. They are fundamental building blocks in nature and industry, responsible for the vast diversity of materials we encounter.