Defining a Theoretical Framework
A theoretical framework is a conceptual structure that serves as the foundation for a research study, providing a lens through which to examine a problem, interpret findings, and connect them to existing knowledge. It comprises established theories, concepts, and principles from a specific field that collectively explain the phenomena under investigation.
Core Purpose and Components
Its primary purpose is to clearly define the concepts, variables, and potential relationships relevant to the research question, offering a coherent perspective for understanding the problem. It outlines the underlying assumptions, defines the scope, and justifies the approach, ensuring the study is logically structured and academically grounded.
Practical Application in STEM
In STEM, a theoretical framework guides researchers in formulating testable hypotheses, selecting appropriate experimental designs, and collecting relevant data. For example, a biologist studying genetic inheritance might employ Mendelian genetics as a framework to predict offspring traits and interpret experimental results.
Significance for Understanding and Education
For students, grasping theoretical frameworks is crucial for critically evaluating scientific literature and designing robust investigations. It fosters systematic thinking about how scientific knowledge is constructed, allowing them to situate their work within broader scientific discourse and contribute meaningfully to their respective fields.