Kinetic vs. Potential Energy: The Core Distinction
The main difference between kinetic and potential energy is that kinetic energy is the energy of an object in motion, while potential energy is the energy that is stored in an object due to its position or state. In simple terms, kinetic energy is the energy of 'doing,' and potential energy is the energy of 'position.'
Example: A Roller Coaster
Imagine a roller coaster car at the very top of a hill, just before it descends. At this highest point, it has maximum potential energy (stored energy due to its height) and almost no kinetic energy. As it starts to roll down the hill, that potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, and the car speeds up. At the bottom of the hill, it has maximum kinetic energy and minimum potential energy.